Which of the following is NOT a strategy for conserving biodiversity?

• A. Protected areas
• B. Restoration of ecosystems
• C. Resource-use policies
• D. Logging of old-growth forests

Answer: (D)

Protecting biodiversity hinges on keeping habitats intact, restoring damaged ecosystems, and guiding how we use natural resources so ecosystems can sustain many species over time. Protected areas preserve habitats and the species that depend on them by limiting disturbance. Restoring ecosystems helps rebuild the connections and functions that support diverse life and ecological resilience. Resource-use policies regulate harvesting, pollution, and other pressures to prevent overexploitation and habitat degradation. Logging of old-growth forests, by removing critical habitat and disrupting complex ecological communities, is not a conservation strategy. It reduces habitat availability and biodiversity, so it undermines the goal of conserving biological diversity.