Which statement describes a lunar eclipse?

• A. The Moon passes between the Sun and Earth
• B. Earth casts shadow on the Moon
• C. The Sun blocks light from the Moon
• D. The Moon's shadow is on the Sun

Answer: (B)

During a lunar eclipse, Earth lies between the Sun and the Moon, and Earth’s shadow falls on the Moon. This means sunlight is blocked from reaching the Moon by Earth, causing the darkening you see. The other situations either place the Moon between the Sun and Earth (which would be a solar eclipse) or describe the Sun blocking light in a way that doesn’t match how the lunar eclipse works, or suggest the Moon’s shadow affecting the Sun, which isn’t how eclipses occur.